Absolute (d, α)-Reaction Cross Sections of Zirconium, Molybdenum, Titanium, and Sulfur

Abstract

Absolute cross sections for 7.8-Mev deuterons were measured for the following reactions: ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{94}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Y}}^{92*}$; ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{92}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Y}}^{90*}$; ${\mathrm{Zr}}^{90}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Y}}^{88*}$; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{97}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Nb}}^{95*}$; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{97}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Nb}}^{95m}$; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{98}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Nb}}^{96}$; ${\mathrm{Mo}}^{92}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Nb}}^{90}$; ${\mathrm{Ti}}^{46}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Sc}}^{44}$; ${\mathrm{Ti}}^{48}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{Sc}}^{46}$; and ${\mathrm{S}}^{34}(d, \alpha ){\mathrm{P}}^{32*}$. Excitation functions were also determined for the reactions indicated with an asterisk. Beam intensity was determined with a Faraday cage coupled to a current integrator able to measure the current with less than 1% error. The reaction products from the thin targets were chemically purified by carrier-free separations. The absolute disintegration rates were determined by $4\pi$ beta counting and coincidence gamma counting. Carrier-free tracer techniques were used to establish the yields of chemical purification steps.