The tin dioxide gas sensor

Abstract
An introduction to the tin dioxide (SnO2) ceramic gas sensor and its electrical characterization is presented, followed by details of some methods of active material preparation. Problems of sensitivity, selectivity and their modification are then considered. The basic measurand is the conductance of the sensor, which means that the active material must always bridge a pair of electrodes; it must also be heated to several hundred degrees Celsius above ambient for successful operation. Descriptions of basic design approaches to the relevant electronic circuits are presented.