In 1994, a total of 2,074 people in Canada were diagnosed with tuberculosis, a rate of 7.1 cases per 100,000 population. The same year, tuberculosis and its late effects caused 150 deaths-just over one in every 1,400 deaths. Although tuberculosis is no longer a major health problem in Canada or a leading cause of death, some groups are particularly susceptible to the disease: Aboriginal people, residents of low-income households, immigrants, and the elderly. In the first two instances, the occurrence of tuberculosis is associated with poor living conditions. The risk of tuberculosis among immigrants is high because of the greater likelihood of exposure in their countries of origin. Among the elderly, the potential for developing active tuberculosis is relatively high due to exposure decades ago when the disease was far more prevalent. Since 1980, the rate of pulmonary tuberculosis has declined, while the rate of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis has remained steady. As a result, the proportion of cases attributable to extra-pulmonary tuberculosis has risen.