Spontaneous polarization in quantum-dot systems

Abstract
We show that the dipole-dipole interactions can lead to a spontaneous polarization of quantum dots. For a square lattice of dots we find that the phase transition into the polarized state is of the second order, and leads to an antiferroelectric arrangement. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.43.9343 © 1991 The American Physical Society