• The late results of gastrectomy were studied in 215 veterans of the armed forces from one to five years after the operation. The results were strongly influenced by the nature of the lesions that had necessitated the operation. In all of the 26 patients who had had gastric ulcer, the results of gastrectomy were good to excellent. In the 141 patients whose ulcers had been duodenal, the results were poor in 22. The symptoms leading to operation for duodenal ulcer were found to have some prognostic significance. The best results were obtained in 46 patients treated for intractable pain and the poorest in 42 patients treated for either massive or chronic recurring hemorrhage. The data permitted analysis for other factors as well. In particular, it was found that the results of surgery were equally good in the veteran and the nonveteran patient, and there was no evidence that financial compensation had any significant influence on the results of surgery for these benign lesions.