In this first statement of the ESHRE Task Force on Ethics and Law, the focus is on the pre-implantation embryo. This embryo is owed respect as a symbol of future human life. The basic ethical principles which govern the practical way embryos should be treated are outlined. Specific items of concern are pre-implantation genetic diagnosis, freezing, donation and research. The usefulness and safety of these specific issues, together with the ethical concerns, are presented with a view to protect the vulnerable infertile couple as well as the future child.