Affymetrix: genes on chips

Abstract

Affymetrix has developed state-of-the-art technology to attach small oligonucleotides onto glass surfaces using methods common to the electronics industry. Such arrays of DNA (gene chips) can be used to screen for mutations in disease genes as well as for changes in viral genomic structure (e.g., HIV-1 and -2). Other companies such as Hyseq have developed similar technologies in parallel and are currently in dispute with Affymetrix over the patent position. Whatever the outcome, the use of DNA attached to glass, quartz or electronic surfaces will be the way forward in mutation detection and gene expression studies.