The measurement of the normal stress differences in a liquid undergoing simple shear flow using a cone-and-plate total thrust apparatus only

Abstract

The measurement of the total thrust on the plate of a cone-and-plate apparatus as a function of both the gap between the apex of the cone and the plate and the angular velocity of the cone enables both normal stress differences in a liquid undergoing simple shear flow to be found. The technique is used and checked by measurement of the total thrust in a parallel-plate apparatus.