Abstract
Two thousand one hundred and sixty five Renfrewshire entrant schoolchildren were screened for bacteriuria and pyuria. The correlation between these two criteria of urinary tract infection was found to be very high. Two of 960 boys and 31 of 1205 girls were found to have persistent significant bacteriuria and pyuria. The method used is described and compared with other methods. Investigation, treatment and follow-up of the affected children is described.