23 children aged 1–16 years of age have received renal transplantation during the years 1972–1975 at the Downstate Medical Center. Of 9 children transplanted from related donors, 1 died and 3 lost their kidney – 2 were re transplanted; 1 lost the second graft. Of 14 children transplanted from cadaver donors, 2 died, and 3 lost their kidney. 3 were retransplanted; 2 of them lost the second and 1 the third kidney as well. Hypertension is the most frequent early and late posttransplant complication. 65% of the original 25 patients now have functioning grafts and they are rehabilitated. The success of renal transplantation in children is similar to that in adults.