Theory of the Surface-Induced Magnetism in Liquid 3He

Abstract

A theory of the surface-induced magnetism of liquid ³He confined in a restricted geometry is presented. In a general model, three different types of contributions to the effective exchange interactions among spins of the ³He atoms in a solid layer adsorbed on a substrate are distinguished on the basis of the second order perturbation theory; one is from a direct process and the others are mediated by the spins of the ³He atoms in the remaining bulk liquid. By using a simplified model, the exchange constants are calculated to find that an RKKY-type indirect exchange interaction appears to be most dominant and to explain the observed ferromagnetic tendency.