Abstract
Study of Lessonia in southern Chile and Argentina indicates that it is represented there by three species: L. nigrescens Bory, L. flavicans Bory and L. vadosa Searles sp. nov. Plants of these three species have been confused with each other in the literature, but appear clearly separable. Lessonia nigrescens is distinguished from the others by its massive, solid holdfast and numerous stipes. In Lessonia flavicans and L. vadosa a single stipe arises from a branched holdfast. These two species are distinguishable from each other in details of blade morphology, anatomy, and ecology. The taxonomic status of plants in South America outside of the study area remains unresolved. Populations in the Falkland Islands and in northern Chile in particular are in need of further study.