The Phenomenon of Pyelovenous Backflow

Abstract

India ink, injected directly into the cortical substance of freshly removed kidneys, rapidly passed into the venous channels, and flowed from the renal vein. None of the injected material was found in the tubules, and there was little local extravasation. This is in agreement with earlier work, which indicated that fluid forcibly introduced into the kidney substance through minute tears in the pelvic mucosa passed directly into the venous system.