Detection of simian virus 40 DNA sequence in human primary glioblastomas multiforme

Abstract

Deoxyribonucleic acid oncoviruses can induce neoplastic transformation of cells because their viral proteins interfere with antiproliferative cellular proteins. Simian virus 40 (SV40) is a DNA virus that induces the emergence of ependymomas, choroid plexus tumors, mesotheliomas, osteosarcomas, sarcomas, and various tumors when injected into newborn hamsters. Recently, approximately 60% of human ependymomas, choroid plexus tumors, and mesotheliomas were reported to contain and express SV40 DNA sequences. In this study the presence of SV40 DNA sequences was investigated in human brain tumors. Three of 32 glioblastomas mutiforme (GBMs), but none of two ependymomas and five medulloblastomas, were found to possess SV40 DNA sequences when examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The DNA sequence analysis of PCR-amplified fragments disclosed that the samples were identical to the regulatory region of SV40. All three GBMs, which arose in elderly patients with wild-type p53, were considered to be primary (de novo) tumors. Although each of the three tumors was immunohistochemically negative for SV40 T antigen, in situ hybridization successfully demonstrated the messenger RNA for SV40 T antigen. The results of this study indicate that latent infection of SV40 in elderly people may be implicated in the tumorigenesis of certain primary GBMs.