A review of 429 cases of carpal tunnel syndrome in 329 patients confirms the prevalence of this entity among disorders of the hand. Three symptoms are almost diagnostic--daytime numbness, nighttime pain, and morning stiffness of the fingers. The diagnosis is confirmed by findings on physical examination. A relatively simple technique is presented for the exposure and release of the median nerve, using a longitudinal incision in the palm and stopping short of the wrist skin. Limiting the incision to the palmar skin results in an inconspicuous scar, while still providing adequate exposure for a complete anatomical release. An epineural neurolysis of the median nerve was performed in each case, resulting in improvement in the symptoms in all but 4 of these 429 patients.