Applications of Laser Processing of Materials in Surface Engineering in the Industry 4.0 Stage of the Industrial Revolution
- 1 June 2019
- journal article
- review article
- Published by ASTM International in Materials Performance and Characterization
- Vol. 8 (6), 1091-1129
- https://doi.org/10.1520/mpc20190203
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive literature study showing contemporary industrial applications of laser processing of materials in the area of surface engineering. Laser remelting, alloying, feathering, and cladding are discussed. The results of our own research on the application of laser technologies for surface treatment, including hot work tool alloy steels, high-speed steels, magnesium and aluminum alloys, are presented. The production of porous titanium microskeletons prepared using the additive selective laser sintering (SLS) method for the production of original biological engineering materials and implants-scaffolds is presented. The laser texturing of polycrystalline silicon is also presented after texturing requiring etching in alkaline solutions and preferably also after applying antireflective coatings. The article also presents the use of SLS for the application of electrical contacts on photovoltaic cells. Identification of the critical surface of engineering technologies has been presented. Attention was paid to select 21 technologies, which were included in the group of laser processing of materials, from 500 critical technologies of surface engineering that were analyzed with our own methodology of technological foresight. In order to determine the strategic position of individual groups of critical technologies, an original set of context matrices was developed, including the dendrological matrix of technology values and the meteorological matrix of environmental impact, and the results were summarized in a sixteen-field strategy matrix for technologies. A 20-year time horizon of heuristic research was established. It has been shown that the analyzed technologies of laser processing of materials are finding wider and wider application in modern technology so that their significant development in the next two decades should be expected. It has been pointed out that laser surface technologies, because of their high development potential demonstrated by the performed foresight research, are some of the important elements of the development of the Industry 4.0 idea.Keywords
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