Platelets augment granulocyte aggregation and cytotoxicity: uncovering of their effects by improved cell separation techniques using Percoll gradients

Abstract

The ''standard'' technique of granulocyte preparation for in vitro studies uses dextran removal of erythrocytes and Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation to increase granulocyte purity. The procedure is lengthy, approximately 150 min in our hands, and provides granulocytes significantly contaminated with platelets (approx. 5 platelets/PMN). We report a technique that replaces dextran with hydroxy-ethylstarch and Ficoll-Hypaque with Percoll. Preparation time is reduced by approximately 40% and platelet contamination by more than 80%. Granulocytes, so prepared, function metabolically (O2-generation, chemiluminescence, HMP-shunt maxima) and, in motility/phagocytosis assays, identically to ''standard'' preparations. However, an augmentatory effect of platelets in granulocyte aggregation responses and their mediation of cytotoxicity is uncovered. Ficoll-Hypaque purified cells (platelet-rich) aggregate to a significantly greater degree with FMLP or activated complement lectins and excessively kill 51Cr-labeled target cells when compared to Percoll-preparations (platelet-poor). Re-addition of purified platelets or of platelet or of platelet release supernatants to the latter reproduces results using the ''standard'' preparations.