Survival of breast cancer patients receiving adjunctive psychosocial support therapy: a 10-year follow-up study.

Abstract

PURPOSE The impact of an adjunctive psychosocial support program on length of survival with breast cancer was evaluated in a retrospective cohort study. The duration of observation of survival was extended 10 years beyond a previous study of the same cohort of patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred two nonparticipants were individually matched to 34 participants on major prognostic factors. Both groups were monitored from the date of cancer diagnosis (1971 through 1980) until March 1991. The support program consisted of weekly cancer peer support and family therapy, individual counseling, and use of positive mental imagery. Survival analysis controlled for the effects of other major prognostic factors in the outcome of breast cancer. RESULTS The mean +/- SD survival time from date of cancer diagnosis to last date of follow-up was 96.0 +/- 53.2 months in the participant group compared with 85.1 +/- 63.4 months in the nonparticipant group, a nonsignificant difference (P = .1). Median survival was 84.0 months for participants (95% confidence interval [CI], 59 to 133) and 66.0 months for nonparticipants (95% CI, 48 to 105). A second analysis restricted nonparticipants to those who had a survival time > or = that of the matched case at time of entry into the support program. Survival increased to a mean of 101.1 months (median, 105.0; 95% CI, 71 to 132) for nonparticipants and remained unchanged for participants, also a statistically nonsignificant difference (P = .9). CONCLUSION While the program may have beneficial effects on quality of life, this study does not indicate a significant favorable impact on survival with breast cancer or that the program is serving as a social locus for the gathering of exceptional survivors.