ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH PRECOCIOUS SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT DURING TREATMENT WITH CYPROTERONE ACETATE

Abstract

Adrenal function was studied in 32 children with precocious sexual development who were being treated with cyproterone acetate (CPA) at doses of 68-175 mg .cntdot. m2 .cntdot. day for periods of 2-79 mo. In 18 children the adrenocortical function evaluation was made before and during CPA treatment. In these 18 patients, the mean basal plasma cortisol level during the morning hours was 11.2 .+-. 4.6 .mu.g/dl (mean .+-. SD) before treatment and fell significantly to 7.2 .+-. 4.1 .mu.g/dl (P < 0.02) during therapy. In 15 patients tested during insulin hypoglycemia the cortisol peak fell from 21.6 .+-. 5.5 .mu.g/dl before treatment to 16.7 .+-. 6.8 .mu.g/dl (P < 0.05) during CPA therapy. There was a significant inverse correlation between this peak and the dose of CPA but no correlation was found between the cortisol response and duration of treatment. In 8 of 20 patients tested, urinary free cortisol levels were undetectable during treatment. No change in basal plasma ACTH levels was demonstrated using standard radioimmunoassay techniques. In the patient receiving the highest dose of CPA and showing complete suppression of the adrenal axis, prolonged stimulation with ACTH-Depot demonstrated a responsive adrenal gland. Addition of a replacement dose of cortisol to the CPA treatment led to the rapid development of the typical signs of Cushing''s syndrome. Despite the evidence of adrenal suppression by CPA, cortisol supplementation is not necessary and may even be contraindicated.