Three-Dimensional Quantitative Structure−Activity Relationship Study of Nonsteroidal Estrogen Receptor Ligands Using the Comparative Molecular Field Analysis/Cross-Validated r2-Guided Region Selection Approach

Abstract

A newly developed comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) technique, the cross-validated r²-guided region selection (CoMFA/q²-GRS) method, has been used to build a quantitative structure−activity relationship (3D-QSAR) for nonsteroidal estrogen receptor (ER) ligands. Ligands included in this study belong to a series of diethylstilbestrol (DES) and indenestrol analogues whose affinities for the mouse ER (mER) have been determined in our laboratory. The final model utilized 30 compounds and yielded a q²_GRS (cross-validated r², guided region selection) of 0.796, as compared to a q² of 0.720 for conventional CoMFA, with a standard error of prediction of 0.594 at 3 principal components. This model was used to visualize steric and electrostatic features of the ligands that correspond with ER binding affinity. Results obtained from the CoMFA steric and electrostatic plots of this model have also been compared to information from the ER binding affinities of substituted estradiol analogues. This is in an effort to determine structural features of compounds in the CoMFA analysis that may correspond to those of the estradiol analogues and to further clarify the mode of binding of nonsteroidal ER ligands.