A renormalised Hamiltonian approach to a resonant valence bond wavefunction

Abstract

The effective Hamiltonian of strongly correlated electrons on a square lattice is replaced by a renormalised Hamiltonian and the factors that renormalise the kinetic energy of holes and the Heisenberg spin-spin coupling are calculated using a Gutzwiller approximation scheme. The accuracy of this renormalisation procedure is tested numerically and found to be qualitatively excellent. Within the scheme a resonant valence bond (RVB) wavefunction is found at half-filling to be lower in energy than the antiferromagnetic state. If the wavefunction is expressed in fermion operators, local SU(2) and U(1) invariance leads to a redundancy in the representation. The introduction of holes removes these local invariances and the authors find that a d-wave RVB state is lowest in energy. This state has a superconducting order parameter whose amplitude is linear in the density of holes.