The Development of Contraceptive Technology: Case Studies of Incentives and Disincentives to Innovation
- 1 January 1993
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Cambridge University Press (CUP) in International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care
- Vol. 9 (2), 210-232
- https://doi.org/10.1017/s026646230000444x
Abstract
This paper examines the characteristics of the process of innovation as applied to a range of contraceptive technologies. Whereas the understanding of how and why innovation works or does not work has grown in the past few decades in such professional fields as electronics, aviation, and optics, only the first attempts are currently under way in medicine. Borrowing from other fields, this paper proposes a theoretical underpinning to the process of innovation as it would apply to the development of medical technology. Subsequently, it documents this process with regard to contraceptive technology (oral contraceptives, injectables, intrauterine devices, implants, and surgical contraception), providing a framework of first-, second-, and third-generation definitions of development. A number of observations about the importance of certain supply- and demand-side determinants of the direction and rate of medical innovation conclude the essay.Keywords
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