The random input (cutting elements of the grinding wheel) and outputs (surface roughness and the tool wear) of a grinding process are investigated. The influence of the physical and geometrical properties of the grinding wheels with regard to averages, correlation functions, and dispersion spectra for the dressed and worn cutting space is determined. The transfer function of the grinding process in terms of the surface roughness of the workpiece and the wear of the grinding wheel is developed, and the cutting ability of the grinding wheel is defined and investigated.