Development and DNA polymerase activities in cultured preimplantation mouse embryos: Comparison with embryos developed in vivo
- 1 April 1991
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Experimental Zoology
- Vol. 258 (1), 34-47
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jez.1402580105
Abstract
Embryos from supervulated female mice that developed in vitro from the twocell stage were compared with in vivo embryos with respect to yield of blastocysts, number and types of cells, morphology in histologic section, and DNA polymerase activities. Significantly more embryos developed into blastocysts in vitro (93%) than in vivo (18%). Inner cell mass (ICM) cells comprised approximately 30% of total cells in late morula/early blastocyst stage embryos developed either in vitro or in vivo. However, the in vitro embryos developed approximately half the number of total cells as in vivo embryos, did not develop endoderm, and did not develop abembryonic trophoblast cells with morphologic characteristics of late preimplantation in vivo embryos. DNA‐dependent DNA polymerase activities in in vitro embryos decreased in correspondence with the decrease in cell number resulting in per cell levels comparable to in vivo embryos. In contrast, the poly (A)·oligo(dT)‐dependent DNA polymerase activity was the same in embryos developing either in vitro or in vivo, indicating different regulatory mechanisms for the two enzyme activities. A variety of nutrients and growth factors in the culture medium did not increase cell numbers or DNA polymerase activities in embryos cultured for 3 days; extending the culture an additional 24 hours resulted in a loss of ICM cells and decreases in both DNA polymerase activities. These results show that the retarded growth of embryos in vitro is equally distributed between ICM and trophoblast, is not reversed by culture conditions that include serum growth factors, and is not due to decreased cellular levels of DNA polymerase activities.Keywords
This publication has 34 references indexed in Scilit:
- Mouse Zygote Development in Culture Medium without Protein in the Presence of Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid1Biology of Reproduction, 1989
- Cyclin (PCNA, auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase δ) is a central component of the pathway(s) leading to DNA replication and cell divisionFEBS Letters, 1987
- Origin of the inner cell mass in mouse embryos: Cell lineage analysis by microinjectionDevelopmental Biology, 1986
- Allocation of cells to inner cell mass and trophectoderm lineages in preimplantation mouse embryosDevelopmental Biology, 1982
- Poly (A)·oligo (dT)-stimulated DNA polymerase activity in preimplantation mouse embryosJournal of Experimental Zoology, 1981
- DNA polymerase isolated from the mitochondrial chromosome appears to be identical to DNA polymerase-γBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1980
- A comparison of the enzymatic responses of the DNA polymerases from four RNA tumor virusesBiochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1976
- A DNA POLYMERASE ISOLATED FROM BOVINE SPERMATOZOAReproduction, 1974
- Synthesis of macromolecules in early mouse embryos cultured in vitro: RNA, DNA, and a polysaccharide componentDevelopmental Biology, 1970
- An Air-Drying Method for Chromosome Preparations from Mouse EggsCytogenetic and Genome Research, 1966