Patterns of gestational weight gain related to fetal growth among women with overweight and obesity
Open Access
- 10 April 2015
- Vol. 23 (5), 1071-1078
- https://doi.org/10.1002/oby.21006
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births. Both are related to childhood obesity. We considered that patterns of gestational weight gain (GWG) may help to disentangle these competing risks. Patterns of GWG were characterized among a cohort of overweight or obese women (n=651). Polytomous logistic regression models tested for associations between GWG patterns and birthweight outcomes: SGA (90th percentile). Rates of SGA were higher than those for LGA (14.9% vs. 7.8%). Four GWG patterns were identified: consistently high (29%), early adequate/late high (33%), consistently adequate (18%), and consistently low (20%). Risk of LGA was highest in women with consistently high GWG (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 4.62 [1.53, 13.96]), and risk was elevated, but with lower magnitude, among women with early adequate/late high gains (OR 3.07 [1.01, 9.37]). High GWG before 20 weeks, regardless of later gain, was related to LGA. Low gain before 20 weeks accompanied by high gain later may be associated with reduced SGA risk (0.55 [0.29, 1.07]). The pattern of weight gain during pregnancy may be an important contributor to or marker of abnormal fetal growth among overweight and obese women.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Institutes of Health (PO1HD030367)
This publication has 38 references indexed in Scilit:
- Application of A global reference for fetal‐weight and birthweight percentiles in predicting infant mortalityBJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2013
- The impact of maternal obesity and gestational weight gain on early and mid‐pregnancy lipid profilesObesity, 2013
- Neonatal Body Composition According to the Revised Institute of Medicine Recommendations for Maternal Weight GainJournal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2012
- Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 Regulates Intracellular Lipid Accumulation in Human TrophoblastsJournal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2011
- Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes Among Obese Women With Weight Gain Below the New Institute of Medicine RecommendationsObstetrics & Gynecology, 2011
- Is it time to revisit the Pedersen hypothesis in the face of the obesity epidemic?American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2011
- The Influence of Overweight and Obesity on Longitudinal Trends in Maternal Serum Leptin Levels During PregnancyObesity, 2011
- Placental Amino Acid Transport and Placental Leptin Resistance in Pregnancies Complicated by Maternal ObesityPlacenta, 2010
- Review article: The short‐ and long‐term implications of maternal obesity on the mother and her offspringBJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2006
- Maternal Obesity, Metabolism, and Pregnancy OutcomesAnnual Review of Nutrition, 2006