Use of Lyodura for Bone Augmentation of Osseous Defects Around Dental Implants

Abstract

Lyodura has been used in periodontology and maxillofacial surgery to overcome different clinical conditions. The use of lyodura to induce new bone formation in humans has not been widely reported. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of lyodura as a resorbable barrier to promote bone formation in osseous defects around dental implants. The study group consisted of 22 healthy patients (12 women and 10 men), with a mean age of 32 (range 20 to 45). A total of 44 implants (9 titanium screw-type and 35 hydroxyapatite-coated cylinder implants) were placed. Of these, 27 implants were placed in the maxilla and 17 in the mandible. At 27 extraction sites bony vertical defects were measured on the buccal, lingual, mesial and distal sides of the implant. In the remaining 17 cases, where either immediate or staged implantation was performed, and a dehiscence was present, its vertical length was measured from the alveolar crest. All bony defects were grafted with autogenous bone harvested from the tuberosity. Each site was covered with lyodura. Healing was uneventful; no inflammation, infection, or soft tissue dehiscence was observed. At all extraction sites and in 76% of the dehiscence defects, hard tissue appearing clinically similar to bone completely filled the defect. Of those defects not completely filled, a mean vertical bone increase of 2.5 mm was recorded. A mean vertical bone increase of 2.6 mm was achieved at extraction sites and a mean increase of 2.79 mm was achieved at dehiscence sites. Lyodura can safely and effectively be used for guided bone regeneration at both extraction sites and for dehiscence defects.