Somatosensory Status after Pedicled or Free TRAM Flap Surgery: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

The transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap is widely used in autologous breast reconstructions. In transferring tissue as a pedicled or free flap, alterations in sensibility are unavoidable. This study evaluated somatosensory function in the reconstructed breast at least 2 years after pedicled or free TRAM flap surgery. Thirteen patients who had a pedicled TRAM flap and 13 patients who had a free TRAM flap participated in the study. The patients completed a questionnaire regarding subjective sensibility and their general opinion of the reconstructed breast. Somatosensory examinations to study the sensations of touch, warmth, cold, and pain were performed using nonquantitative and quantitative techniques. An age-matched control group of eight women who had never had breast surgery was also examined because the majority of the women who had breast reconstruction also had a mammaplasty performed on the contralateral breast, which disqualified it as a control. The majority of the patients reported that the reconstructed breast felt like a real breast. However, sensibility to touch, warmth, cold, and pain was decreased in the study groups compared with the control group. No clinically significant differences existed in sensibility between the pedicled and free TRAM flap groups.