Neuron-specific enolase and S100BB as outcome predictors in severe diffuse axonal injury
- 1 June 2012
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wolters Kluwer Health in Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
- Vol. 72 (6), 1654-1657
- https://doi.org/10.1097/ta.0b013e318246887e
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a common type of traumatic brain injury, mostly associated with mild changes on computed tomography (CT) scan. Serum biomarkers might be used in the diagnosis and prognosis of this injury type. Our purpose was to determine temporal profile and predictive values of serum concentrations of protein S100BB and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) after DAI. METHODS Twenty-eight isolated severe DAI patients (Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 8) with normal CT were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of S100BB and NSE were determined at 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after injury, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical outcome variables of DAI comprised survival at discharge and Glasgow Outcome scale (GOS) after 3 months and also 2 years. RESULTS S100BB concentration was maximum in 6 hours after injury (median = 280.75 ng/L) followed by a quick drop. Its value was significantly higher on third day in patients with unfavorable outcome (GOS score = 1–3) versus favorable outcome (GOS score = 4, 5) (p < 0.0001). The values of NSE had mild changes during 3 days; however, these measured values at 72 hours after trauma manifested higher in unfavorable outcome (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Increased serum concentrations of NSE and S100BB within first 3 days after DAI are associated with poor outcome despite mild CT findings. S100BB level at 72 hours after injury can predict late outcome in DAI patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Prognostic study, level III.Keywords
This publication has 24 references indexed in Scilit:
- Serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Is a Highly Specific Biomarker for Traumatic Brain Injury in Humans Compared With S-100B and Neuron-Specific EnolaseJournal of Trauma: Injury, Infection & Critical Care, 2010
- Predicting outcome after severe traumatic brain injury using the serum S100B biomarker: Results using a single (24h) time-pointResuscitation, 2009
- Serum levels of S100B, S100A1B and S100BB are all related to outcome after severe traumatic brain injuryActa Neurochirurgica, 2008
- Early diagnosis of diffuse brain damage resulting from a blunt head injuryLegal Medicine, 2007
- The Use of Serum Biomarkers to Predict Outcome After Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults and ChildrenJournal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2006
- Calcium-dependent and -independent interactions of the S100 protein familyBiochemical Journal, 2006
- Rapid Elimination of Protein S-100B from Serum after Minor Head TraumaJournal of Neurotrauma, 2006
- All roads lead to disconnection? – Traumatic axonal injury revisitedActa Neurochirurgica, 2005
- Effects of Head and Extracranial Injuries on Serum Protein S100B Levels in Trauma PatientsPublished by Wolters Kluwer Health ,2004
- Diffuse Axonal Injury in Head TraumaJournal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2003