Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Calculations predict that carbon nanotubes may exist as either semimetals or semiconductors, depending on diameter and degree of helicity. This communication presents experimental evidence supporting the calculations. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM-S) data taken in air on nanotubes with outer diameters from 17 to 90 Å show evidence of one-dimensional behavior; the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics are consistent with a density of states containing Van Hove type singularities for which the energies vary linearly with inverse nanotube diameter.