Lack of Long-Term Durability of Cultured Keratinocyte Burn-Wound Coverage

Abstract

Cultured epithelial autografts have been advocated for permanent closure of skin surfaces after massive thermal injuries. A 10-year-old boy sustained a nearly 100% total body surface area burn (98% full-thickness) in an explosion accident. Cultured epithelial autograft was used to cover 70% of the total body surface area on postburn day 26. In spite of early success of coverage, 60% of cultured epithelial autograft areas blistered and sloughed over the ensuing weeks. Electron microscopic examination of a biopsy specimen of the healed cultured epithelial autograft (80 days after placement) revealed a lack of dermal attachments of the anchoring fibrils. Additionally, blister fluid that was taken from the bullae of the cultured epithelial autograft revealed levels of 18 ng/ml thromboxane and 24 ng/ml prostaglandin E2. These levels are significantly higher than those seen in acute burn blister fluid and indicate an ongoing inflammatory process. Cultured keratinocytes, although they provide early wound closure, may not provide adequate long-term coverage for patients with massive burns.