Role of the cerebellum in complex human behavior
- 1 June 1989
- journal article
- Published by Springer Nature in The Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences
- Vol. 10 (3), 291-300
- https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02333774
Abstract
Thirty-three outpatient epiletics with normal CT scans (group 1) and 31 patients with cerebellar and brain stem (CBS) atrophy (group 2) were randomly included in this study. There were no significant statistical differences between the groups with regard to age, education, and number of grand mal and other seizures. Statistical analyses showed that group 2 had a longer history of epilepsy with a consequently longer duration of phenytoin (PHT) consumption. Neuropsychological assessment revealed lower performance by this group on the following measures: full I. Q. scale, verbal I.Q. scale, performance I.Q. scale, information, arithmetic, block design, object assembly, digit symbol, Stroop test forms I and II, the B-M dexterity test, and the simple visual and auditory reaction time. No significant differences were observed between the two groups for the remaining 5 subtests from the WAIS scale, for the immediate recall and the delayed recall subtests belonging to Wechsler memory scale as well as for visual and auditory movement time. Analysis of the composite scores of neuropsychological performance showed that the cerebellum interferes with the following complex behavioral functions: (ì) visuo-spatial organization for a concrete task, a function related to the cerebelloparietal loops' (ii) planning and programming of daily activities, a function related to the cerebello-frontal loops; and (iii) the speed of information processing, a mainly subcortical function. 33 pazienti epilettici con TAC normale (gruppo 1) e 31 pazienti con atrofia cerebellare e del tronco (gruppo 2) sono stati inclusi in questo studio randomizzato. Non ci sono differenze statistiche significative tra i due gruppi in correlazione con l'età, l'educazione e il numero di crisi di grande male o di altro tipo. Le analisi statistiche però hanno dimostrato che il gruppo 2 ha più lunga storia di epilessia con conseguente più lunga durata di assunzione della fenitoina. La messa a punto neuropsicologica ha rivelato un più basso rendimento di questo gruppo in tutti i tests eseguiti, tranne che per alcuni subtests della scala Wais, per i subtests del Wechsler Memory Scale per il richiamo immediato e ritardato e per i tempi di movimento visivi e uditivi nei quali non si constatavano differenze tra i due gruppi. L'analisi di questi dati dimostra che il cervelletto interferisce nelle funzioni complesse di comportamento rappresentate dall' organizzazione visuo-spaziale per un compito concreto, di pianificazione e programmazione di attività giornaliera e per la rapidità dei processi di informazione.Keywords
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