Rapid Phytochrome Regulation of Wheat Seedling Extension

Abstract

Rapid effects of light on wheat seedling extension growth were monitored by sensitive transducer techniques. Seedlings grown in complete darkness responded to light by a marked deceleration of extension growth after a mean latent period of 10.4 minutes. Pulses (5 minutes) of red (660 nanometers), green (530 nanometers), and far-red (730 nanometers) light caused marked extension rate depression, and the red effect could not be reversed by 730 nanometers far-red. Pulses of 1 second red (72 micromoles per square meter) were effective, and were reversible by immediate long wavelength (759 nanometers) far-red. Seedlings pretreated with 2 minute broadband green light (0.6 micromole per square meter), 28 hours prior to the experimental light treatments, displayed similar extension rate decelerations in response to red light, but after a longer mean lag of 23.75 minutes. No response was observed with red light treatments of less than 1 minute, and the effects of 5 minutes of red light were fully reversible by 5 minutes of 730 nanometers far-red. Fluence-response curves showed that nonpretreated seedlings were approximately 100 times more sensitive to far-red-absorbing form of phytochrome than were those given prior light treatment. Although the fluence-response relationship for nonpretreated seedlings matched the photoconversion kinetics of phytochrome reasonably well, that for the pretreated seedlings indicated a requirement for repeated photoconversions for maximum action. The results are discussed in relation to the possibility that phytochrome may regulate the availability, or the activity, of a component of its own transduction chain.