Ultrasonic Measurement of Polarization Switching Processes in Barium-Titanate Single Crystal

Abstract

A previously developed nondestructive piezoelectric method for studying the state of polarization of ferroelectric crystals is applied to study polarization switching in barium titanate single crystals. We propose three polarization processes. The first and second processes were designated nucleation and growth by Merz. The third process cannot be measured by conventional pulse methods, and has a very slow polarizing velocity. This indicates the existence of layers which lie between the surface layer and inner layer. Switching time results are considered in the light of the above experiments.