Direct oxidation of isobutane into methacrylic acid and methacrolein over Cs2.5Ni0.08-substituted H3PMo12O40

Abstract
Cs+, and Ni2+, Mn2+ or Fe3+ substitution for H+ in H3PMo12O40 greatly enhanced the catalytic activity for the title reaction and among the catalysts tested Cs2.5Ni0.08H0.34PMo12O40 gave the highest yield of methacrylic acid and methacrolein.