In making some remarks before the International Actuarial Congress of 1930 in Stockholm on the subject of bonus distribution I was speaking of a tendency within Actuarial Science, which I took the liberty of calling ≫critical≫. I am of the opinion, that a tendency entitled to this name really exists; and in Northern countries this tendency seems to me to be chiefly represented by FILIP LUNDBERG, H. CRAM:h and F. NEVANLINNA. I do not, however, urge that this tendency should be considered as entirely new; it can very well be argued that it is twenty or thirty years old. Impulses to this critical tendency may be traced still further back. And I do not intend to claim the priority to this trend for Northern Countries.