As a result of a better understanding of the physiology of the premature infant, neonatal deaths due to prematurity have declined steadily in the past few years. The present survey reports the survival rate of premature infants in the obstetric service of the University of Michigan Hospital during the past ten years. Throughout this period the equipment which has been available for care of these infants is equipment which can be obtained by any hospital regardless of size or location. While a special nursing unit is planned for the near future, premature babies have in the past been cared for in the regular maternity nurseries. This report, accordingly, presents a program of care for the newborn premature infant applicable to any neonatal nursery. The progress which has been made in the care of these infants during the past decade has been sufficient to warrant subdivision into two five year periods,