The style and stigmata represent several distinct types, but in most of the species the anterior branch of the style is terminated by a tuft of long, bifurcate hairs, and no stigma is developed; the posterior, on the other hand, has a typical, viscid, papillose stigma, more or less covered by a thin membrane which in some species extends to the apex of the anterior branch. The shape, size, and color of the calyx and corolla show several distinct characters. Polygala senega, P. polygama, and P. lutea are perennial; P. incarnata, P. ambigua, P. curtissii, P. mariana, P. nuttallii, and P. sanguinea are annual. A peculiar root-structure was observed in P. senega, where a band of leptome-strands occurs outside the stele. In the aerial stem of several species oil-drops were observed in many cells of the epidermis and very regularly distributed lysigenous oil-ducts in the cortex. The cortical parenchyma is homogeneous in P. lutea, P. polygama, and P. senega, consisting of iso-diametric cells; in the other species the peripheral strata consist of palisade-cells. P. senega is the only species of which the leaf structure is dorsiventral; in the others stomata occur on both faces, and the chlorenchyma is mostly of palisade-cells in the ventral as well as the dorsal part of the leaf. Lysigenous oil-ducts were observed in the chlorenchyma between the veins, but not in all the species.