Cytological evidence from Haplopappus gracilis (n = 2) and the complex heterozygote, Rhoeo discolor (n = 6), supports previous hypotheses and considerably older cytological evidence that before premeiotic interphase the homologous chromosomes pair in the contracted condition in plants, animals, and fungi. It is assumed that homologues once-paired remain paired from premeiotic division to meiotic prophase. Such premeiotic pairing is considered to be different from meiotic synapsis. In some plants, premeiotic pairing begins during early bud formation; gradually and cumulatively the paired condition increases to a high percentage by the last premeiotic division in somatic tissues and the sporogenous cells: Such divisions have characteristics of both mitosis and meiosis.