Optical nonlinearities of various substituted benzene molecules in the liquid state, and comparison with solid state nonlinear susceptibilities

Abstract
The second‐ and third‐order hyperpolarizabilities of various mono‐ and meta‐disubstituted benzene derivatives have been measured in the liquid state by simultaneous use of static‐field induced second‐harmonic generation and tunable four‐wave mixing. For the vector part of the second‐order optical nonlinearity comparison is made between liquid‐state and solid‐state experimental data.