Inactivation of Hepatitis B and Hutchinson Strain Non‐A, Non‐B Hepatitis Viruses by Exposure to Tween 80 and Ether1

Abstract

Titrated stocks of hepatitis B virus and Hutchinson strain non‐A, non‐B hepatitis virus were diluted in normal serum to contain, respectively, ≥10⁶ and ≥10⁴ chimpanzee infectious doses (CID₅₀) per milliliter and exposed to 1% Tween 80 and 20% ether at 4°C for 18 h. After evaporation of the ether, the treated sera were each inoculated into two chimpanzees. The animals remained free of serologic and biochemical evidence of hepatitis during a 6‐month follow‐up period, and were then shown to be susceptible to infection by challenge with the original untreated inocula. To assess the effect of exposure to Tween 80/ether on coagulation factors, four lots of antihemophilic factor (AHF) concentrate and 2 lots of commercial factor IX concentrate were treated as above. For the AHF concentrate there was an average of 70% recovery of factor VIII procoagulant activity, 93% recovery of factor VIII‐related antigen, and 73% recovery of fibronectin opsonin activity and no detectable change in ristocetin cofactor activity or in fibronectin antigen. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed no change in migration rate of fibrinogen, fibronectin, and von Willebrand factor (vWF), although the quantity of fibrinogen was reduced. Factor VIII procoagulant activity and vWF activity remained associated during chromatography on BioGel A15.