Epidemiology of Dog Bites: A Community-Based Study in India

Abstract

Rabies is a deadly disease with no cure which is mainly caused by dog bites. Data on dog bites and knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) related to dog bites are not generally available to rural communities. We made a cross-sectional study of a rural community of ten villages served by a primary health centre selected by random sampling. Ten per cent of households selected by systematic random sampling were interviewed for KAP regarding dog bites. The dog bite rate was 25.7/1000 population per year. The rate for males was higher than for females; half of the bites were in summer; 40% did not go for any prophylaxis; half of the victims treated their wounds with chilli powder. Eighty per cent of the bites were class II or III and leg bites were most common. The majority of the community knew dog bites can cause death but they did not know the correct incubation period. Most knew that injections were available to prevent rabies. Only half said they would visit a hospital for treatment. Around 50% received tetanus toxoid.