Seasonal changes in biomass of a tussock grassland dominated by Themeda australis (R.Br.) Stapf were followed for a 15-month period. Results for both the shoot and root components of the grassland are presented. The period for maximum dry matter production of the shoots is shown to occur 1-2 months after that of an introduced pasture in a similar environment. The significance of this fact is discussed in relation to the growth of various pastures and heath vegetation in southern Australia. A species list for the grassland is given, together with the flowering times of the major species.