SOME EFFECTS OF SULPHYDRYL COMPOUNDS ON KETO-ACID METABOLISM IN EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

SUMMARY: A raised blood concentration of α-keto-acids was observed in rats during the early stages of alloxan diabetes, and at a later stage after the injection of cortisone. Dimercaprol (B.A.L.) increased the keto-acid level both in normal and in diabetic rats, and its action was synergistic with that of cortisone. Insulin raised the keto-acid level only in early diabetes or in established diabetes after cortisone treatment. The combination of B.A.L. and cortisone raised the blood sugar as well as the blood ketoacids in intact rats. After the adrenals were removed the hyperglycaemic action of the combined treatment disappeared, but the effect on keto-acid level persisted. Glutathione had a similar action on carbohydrate metabolism to B.A.L., but in equivalent doses was much less toxic. Lipoic acid reduced the blood level of keto-acids and opposed the action of B.A.L. The possible site of action of these substances is discussed.