Autonomic and Non-Autonomic Circulatory Components in Essential Hypertension in Man
- 1 July 1973
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wolters Kluwer Health in Circulation
- Vol. 48 (1), 107-117
- https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.48.1.107
Abstract
The circulatory effects of blocking cardiac and peripheral autonomic effectors were studied in 32 subjects with established essential hypertension, and in 15 normotensives. The mean resting arterial pressure, heart rate and total peripheral resistance index (TPRI) were significantly higher in the hypertensives, but cardiac index was the same in both groups. In subjects with blocked cardiac effectors (atropine + beta-blocking drugs, i.v.) the sympathetic constrictor effects on TPRI were estimated from the changes after giving i.v. guanethidine + phentolamine. The autonomic component of TPRI was higher in hypertensives than in normotensives. The residual resistance after `total' autonomic block (non-autonomic TPRI) was higher in hypertensives, accounting for 60 to 80% of the initial difference in resting TPRI between the two groups. With an increase in non-autonomic TPRI, the increased autonomic TPRI effect in hypertension is not necessarily due to increased sympathetic nerve activity. Vagal and cardiac sympathetic effects on heart rate were compared in the two groups. Each estimate was based on the average of the responses to the appropriate blocking drug (1) in subjects not previously given a blocking drug, and (2) in subjects with the other cardiac effector pathway already blocked. The higher heart rate in established hypertension was predominantly due to change in vagal rather than cardiac sympathetic effects.Keywords
This publication has 14 references indexed in Scilit:
- The peripheral circulatory effects of clonidine and their role in the production of arterial hypotensionEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, 1971
- A new technique for measurement of cardiac output by thermodilution in manThe American Journal of Cardiology, 1971
- Autonomic blockade by propranolol and atropine to study intrinsic myocardial function in manJCI Insight, 1969
- LOCAL THERMODILUTION METHOD FOR MEASURING BLOOD FLOW IN THE PORTAL AND RENAL VEINS OF THE UNANAESTHETIZED KABBITImmunology & Cell Biology, 1967
- The effect of section of the carotid sinus and aortic nerves on the cardiac output of the rabbit.The Journal of Physiology, 1965
- HAeMODYNAMIC BASIS OF ACUTE PRESSOR REACTIONS AND HYPERTENSIONHeart, 1963
- Norepinephrine Depletion as a Possible Mechanism of Action of Guanethidine a New Hypotensive AgentExperimental Biology and Medicine, 1960
- Some Different Types Of Essential HypertensionThe American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1939
- On the local reactions of the arterial wall to changes of internal pressureThe Journal of Physiology, 1902