Pollen Analysis as an Aid to the Dating of Prehistoric Monuments

Abstract

In the course of enquiries into the nature of the primary vegetation of Britain and its associated soils, the soils buried under prehistoric earthworks have provided valuable material. Such work is usually carried out on barrows which can be dated by the archaeological finds in them, but occasionally samples have been examined from undated barrows. Pollen analysis of the old land surface under an earthwork gives a broad picture of the vegetation extant on the site up to the time that earthwork was built, and it has been found that this picture varies according to the impact of prehistoric man upon the vegetation. This effect is, of course, progressive and it is possible to show that the later the earthwork the further removed is the flora from the forest conditions which once prevailed. Once such a sequence has been established, it should be possible, by pollen analysis alone, to allot an undated construction to its approximate position in the sequence.