Second- and third-order piezoelectric stress constants of lithium niobate as determined by the impact-loading technique

Abstract

Determination of the e₂₂, e₃₃, and e₁₅ second‐order piezoelectric stress constants, several third‐order piezoelectric stress constants, and the c^D₁₁ and c^D₃₃ elastic stiffness constants are reported for lithium niobate from experiments with input strains from 7×10⁻⁴ to 8×10⁻³ produced by the elastic impact‐loading method. Measurements of the e₃₃ constant were made on a large number of samples to establish sample uniformity. The differences were found to be less than 1%. The present value of e₃₃ is higher than that reported in previous work and appears to call for a revision of the accepted value along with that of the elastic constant c^E₃₃. The third‐order piezoelectric stress constants are readily detectable, but the values determined in the present investigation are limited in accuracy due to the relatively low strains which could be applied to the samples before conductivity became excessive.