Kin selection: A classical approach and a general solution

Abstract

The necessary conditions for the spread of genes that determine social behaviors and the rate of spread of these genes are derived for a simple model (single locus, 2 alleles, random mating, discrete generations) by using the classical population genetics approach pioneered by Haldane and the linear fitness function used previously by Wilson. These results are derived for social behaviors that are manifested by individuals within families, within pairs of families, or within groups of k families, for both diploid and haplodiploid organisms. When groups of socially interacting individuals consist of the members of more than 1 family, severe restrictions are placed on the evolution of altruistic and social behaviors. Specifically, in these instances, the necessary conditions for the evolution of social behaviors are more stringent and the rate of evolution is greatly reduced.