The Expression of Bipolar Affective Disorders in Brain Injured Patients
- 1 December 1992
- journal article
- case report
- Published by SAGE Publications in The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
- Vol. 22 (4), 377-395
- https://doi.org/10.2190/j71j-ftml-jy1e-rkkg
Abstract
Objective: A prospective study was designed to investigate the varied presentations of major affective disorders in patients with organic brain disease. Method: Patients admitted to our neuropsychiatry service, with affective and behavioral disturbances, and known neurological disorders, were classified, on phenomenological grounds, into the following groups: 1) elated mania; 2) irritable mania; 3) affective lability with periods of irritability, but without other symptoms pathognomonic for mania; and 4) intermittent psychosis with absent or ambiguous mood changes. Results: A majority of patients in all four groups responded to pharmacotherapy with anti-cycling agents. Conclusions: It is proposed that these groups represent different expressions of mania in brain injured persons, and that these expressions range through a spectrum of phenomenology, included elated mania, irritable mania, episodic psychosis and explosive organic personality disorder. The DSM-III-R classification of these disorders, and approaches to their clinical management, are discussed.Keywords
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