IT IS not encouraging to reflect that the cause of rheumatic fever is unknown, that its symptoms are often obscure and its recognition is accordingly difficult, and that effective treatment is lacking. Still, much has been learned concerning this disease, and recent demonstrations of the effectiveness of sulfonamide prophylaxis constitute a notable advance in its control. Neither sulfonamides123 nor penicillin4,5 has proved of any value in the actual treatment of rheumatic fever.The present report comprises an analysis of various therapeutic measures in 150 cases of acute rheumatic fever in young men treated during 1944. The types of therapy employed . . .