Catabolic pathway of oligosaccharide‐diphospho‐dolichol

Abstract

The degradation of oligosaccharide-diphospho-dolichol leads to the release of oligosaccharide material ranging from (Glc)3(Man)9(GlcNAc)2-P to (Man)3 species and further smaller species. The subcellular location of the glucosidases and mannosidases involved in this catabolic process has been investigated on the basis of their differential sensitivity towards specific inhibitors (castanospermine, deoxymannojirimycin and swainsonine). The results indicate that the first steps of degradation down to the (Man)6 species occurs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. This result is supported by the fact that the (Man)6 species is the end product when lipid-intermediate-derived glucosylated oligosaccharides are incubated with purified rough endoplasmic reticulum membranes. Swainsonine and lysosomotropic agents (chloroquine and ammonium chloride) do not affect the degradation process, thus indicating that neither Golgi apparatus nor lysosomes are involved in this catabolism. The observation of the same degradation pattern of the released oligosaccharide material in mannosidosis fibroblasts, lacking lysosomal mannosidases, confirms these results. Finally, the subcellular distribution of the released oligosaccharide material indicates that the oligomannosides larger than (Man)6 species are sequestered in the particulate fraction whereas, in contrast, oligomannosides smaller than (Man)6 species are found predominantly in the cytosol. Taken altogether, the experiments demonstrate that the first steps of the degradation of oligosaccharide-diphospho-dolichol occurs in the rough endoplasmic reticulum producing oligomannosides of the (Man)6 species which are then translocated to the cytoplasm to be further degraded.